Calcination Process
Calcination is a thermal process in which raw petroleum coke is heated to temperatures of approximately 1200–1350°C in order to:
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Remove moisture, volatile matter, and light gases
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Increase density, electrical conductivity, and carbon purity
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Improve its crystalline structure, making it suitable for electrical applications
The final product of this process is Calcined Petroleum Coke (CPC), a key material in the production of aluminum anodes, graphite electrodes, and ferroalloys.
Types of Calcination Methods
Rotary Kiln:
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The most common industrial method. Raw coke is heated in a horizontal rotary kiln with indirect flame to high temperatures.
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Countries with large-scale petroleum refining and coke production mainly use rotary kiln technology.
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This method is preferred in large industrial units due to its high capacity, uniform thermal control, and continuous production capability.
Vertical Shaft Calciner:
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Suitable for lower capacities with high energy efficiency and lower pollution.
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In this method, raw coke is heated in a vertical column under a controlled flow of hot gases.
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Advantages include lower energy consumption, reduced pollution, and higher thermal efficiency; however, its production capacity is limited compared to rotary kilns.